ABSTRACT
The pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread continually. Early predictors of clinical outcomes are needed for risk classifications of COVID-19 patients. This study aims to assess the clinical utility of D-dimer levels for predicting outcomes in patients with COVID-19. A retrospective cohort study was performed of 293 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients between March 2020 and January 2021 in Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang. The data were obtained from medical record documents and D-dimer levels on admission were enrolled. A hypothesis was conducted by performing a chi-square test. Survival analysis was determined using log-rank test and Kaplan-Meier. Baseline characteristics of the patients were evaluated. An adjusted HR values were significantly higher in patients with a severe degree of disease (HR 41.36, 3.21-532.99), hypertension (HR 3.04, 1.07-8.66), and older age (HR 1.03, 1.01-1.07). Based on the results of the survival analysis, there was an impact of increasing D-dimer levels on the outcome of COVID-19 patients according to the patient's length of stay (p log-rank test = 0.009, p <0.05). The hazard ratio of the Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the value was 4.65 (95% CI 1.45-14.85) which means that patients with elevated D-dimer levels have a 4.65 times chance of having a worse outcome. D-dimer levels >500 ng/mL on admission can predict a poor outcome and hospitalized mortality in COVID-19 patients, which indicates that D-dimer can imply a meaningful marker to improve clinical approaches of COVID-19 patients. Copyright © 2022, Anka Publishers. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: A novel coronavirus-caused pneumonia has been widespread worldwide since the end of 2019. The rapid widespread has prompted the repurposing of drugs based on promising in vitro and therapeutic results with other human coronavirus diseases. These repurposed drugs have mainly included remdesivir, favipiravir, lopinavirritonavir, ribavirin, interferons, and hydroxychloroquine. AIM: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of any antiviral for 2019-nCoV infection in a national referral hospital. METHODS: This research was a retrospective study to evaluate all antiviral clinical responses used in a national referral hospital. RESULTS: Based on gender, there is a similar frequency from all patients. Hematology, followed by cardiovascular and pulmonary disease, is the most frequent comorbidity. There is no significant difference between the two groups antiviral treatment for a length of stay parameter. The most extended length of stay is 29 days. About 64.5% of patients are cured of SARS-Cov-2 infection. In the remdesivir group, we find that the mortality is significantly high. CONCLUSION: The clinical outcome of these antiviral treatments is similar, except for mortality. The severity of COVID-19 causes differences in mortality.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Early identification of clinical outcomes is necessary for risk classification in COVID-19 patients. This study help in evaluating the progression of the disease and the patient’s therapy. AIM: This study aims to determine serum ferritin levels for the prediction of mortality among COVID-19 patients in an Indonesia’s National Referral Hospital. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 142 confirmed positive COVID-19 patients between March 2020 until March 2021 at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital as a National Referral Hospital in Indonesia. Data obtained from medical record documents and examination of ferritin levels was carried out at the beginning of treatment. The Chi-square test and survival analysis with the log-rank test and Kaplan–Meier methods were used to analyze the data. The SPSS version 15 was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The serum ferritin cutoff point for COVID-19 patients that can be used to predict poor outcomes was >651.02 ng/mL with sensitivity 79.3%, specificity 80.5%, and accuracy 85.0%. Age, comorbid diabetes mellitus, number of comorbidities, symptoms of trouble breathing, oxygen saturation, severity, and mortality outcome were all associated to ferritin levels >651.02 ng/mL. The Kaplan–Meier curve showed that ferritin levels >651.02 ng/mL were associated for risk of poor outcome COVID-19 patients (HR = 8.84, [95% CI 3.59–21.73]). CONCLUSION: The ferritin cutoff point for predicting poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients was 651.02 ng/mL. However, ferritin serum levels cannot be used as a single predictor in determining the poor outcome of COVID-19.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: COVID-19 has infected and spread over the whole earth. For the time being, there is no cure for COVID-19. Although several medications have the potential to be utilized at various stages of the disease, no therapy has yet been demonstrated to be completely successful. AIM: This study aims to determine survival of COVID-19 patients who received antiviral and antiviral therapy combined with anti-inflammation therapy in a National Referral Hospital, Indonesia. METHODS: COVID-19 patients treated at Dr. M Djamil General Hospital in Padang, Indonesia were the subject of an analytic investigation using a retrospective cohort design. From January to June 2021, data were gathered from patient medical records. Independent sample T test and Chi-square test were used to analyze subject characteristics data. The median survival and survival rates were calculated using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. It is also subjected to cox-regression analysis to answer the study hypothesis. RESULTS: The mean age of the subjects who received antiviral and anti-inflammatory medication was 60.95 12.11 years, while the average age of those who received antiviral therapy was 56.72 17.80 years, with the highest sex being male in both groups (59.3% and 50.6%). Antiviral and antiviral medication, as well as anti-inflammatory therapy, had no effect on the length of stay of COVID-19 patients (p >0.05). Antiviral and antiviral therapy, as well as anti-inflammatory therapy, play a role in the outcome of COVID-19 patients (p < 0.05), with patients receiving antiviral and anti-inflammatory therapy being a preventive factor in the final outcome of patients compared to patients receiving antiviral therapy HR = 0.69 (95% CI 0.48–0.99). CONCLUSION: When compared to patients who just got antiviral medication, the patients who received antiviral plus anti-inflammatory therapy had a better outcome. © 2022 Afriani Afriani, Sabrina Ermayanti, Irvan Medison, Russilawati Russilawati, Fenty Anggrainy, Yessy Susanty Sabri, Ricvan Dana Nindrea.
ABSTRACT
This study conducted correlation of google trends as an alternative information source in the early stages of COVID-19 outbreak in Indonesia. Time series approach was used in this study. We sought to compare the official COVID-19 report in Indonesia accessible on a daily basis as well as information searches in Google Trends regarding COVID-19. Data analysis was performed using moving average in Minitab version 18.0. Correlation were calculated using pearson correlation and Time lag. R value ≥ 0.7 (p ≤ 0.05) was defined strong correlation. Moving average analysis showed a linear time series pattern between COVID-19 search trends and the official COVID-19 report. Pearson correlation analysis indicated strong correlation with R value ranging from 0.870-0.927 (p ≤ 0,05) among the four keywords used in Google trends with the official report of COVID-19 in Indonesia. Time lag correlation inference COVID-19 search trends data could possibly be utilized for an early identification of public reaction against the increasing cases of COVID-19. In the early stages of COVID-19 outbreak found the correlations and similarity of linear time series patterns are shown between COVID-19 search trends and the official COVID-19 report. Public behavior in information seeking is useful in early identification of disease outbreaks in Indonesia.